How to change the init parameter when oracle database is using SPFILE

first check db is running in SPFILE or PFILE using the following script.

SQL> SELECT  instance_name,

           DECODE(value, NULL, 'PFILE', 'SPFILE') "Init File Type"

           FROM    sys.v_$parameter ,

           v$instance

           WHERE   name = 'spfile';

take the backup of current pfile and spfile.

then run the following command in sequence.

SQL> create pfile='<oracle home>/dbs/init_new_name.ora' from spfile;

SQL> shutdown immediate;

now, change the "init_new_name.ora" file parameter with new init parameter.

SQL> startup pfile=<oracle home>/dbs/init_new_name.ora;

SQL> create spfile from pfile='<oracle home>/dbs/init_new_name.ora';